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Drug addiction and public health. A global perspective.
Do I have any drug addiction?
No

Did I ever have any drug addiction according to Dr. Asif Qureshi on March 26, 2022?
No

Do you know anyone with a drug addiction?

Why are concerns about drug addiction important?

Drug addiction is a public health issue.
  1. What do the statistics reveal?Answer

  2. What is it? What is a drug addiction? Answer

  3. What causes it? What are the causes of drug addiction? Answer

  4. What are the risk factors? Answer

  5. What's normal? Answer

  6. How is it diagnosed? What questions should you ask as a medical doctor in a medical history? Answer

  7. What are the symptoms? Answer

  8. What are the signs? Answer

  9. What are the clinical findings? How are drugs of abuse used?Answer

  10. What are the lab or investigation findings? What are the most addictive drugs? Answer

  11. What are the complications? Answer

  12. What are the workable treatment options? Answer

  13. When is counseling required? Answer

  14. When is medication required? Answer

  15. How long should medication last? Answer

  16. What type of medication is available? Answer

  17. How could this be prevented? Answer

  18. What questions should you ask as a medical doctor in a medical history?Answer

Drug addiction (substance use disorder)
What is a drug addiction?
The use of a specific drug and the inability to stop consuming this specific drug, as well as the harms associated with this specific drug, are components of drug addiction. Addiction is a chronic disease characterized by drug seeking and use that is compulsive, or difficult to control, despite harmful consequences.

How are drugs of abuse used?
There are several different routes of administration for drugs of abuse, including orally in the form of a pill, intravenously in the form of an injection, inhalation of the substance in the form of smoke, or the snorting of the substance so it is absorbed into the blood vessels of the nose.

What is Drug Abuse?
Drug abuse or substance abuse refers to the use of certain chemicals for the purpose of creating pleasurable effects on the brain. There are over 190 million drug users around the world and the problem has been increasing at alarming rates, especially among young adults under the age of 30.

Drugs of Abuse

What causes it? What drugs are commonly abused?
  1. Alcohol

  2. Barbiturates, benzodiazepines and hypnotics

  3. Club drugs

  4. Hallucinogens

  5. Inhalants

  6. K2, Spice and bath salts

  7. Marijuana, hashish and other cannabis-containing substances

  8. Meth, cocaine and other stimulants

  9. Opioid painkillers

  10. Other categories

What must an addiction counselor know as circulated by Doctor Asif Qureshi?
Here are further guidelines.

Medical history of patient relevant to these issues.
What questions should you ask as a medical doctor in a medical history?
What is the profile of the patient?

Where is the profile of the patient?

How do we verify the case history?

What is the source of this history?

What are the sources to verify this history?

What is the reason for consultation?


Questions to Ask yourself to Determine if You are Addicted to Drugs or Alcohol

Have you ever taken drugs or alcohol to self-medicate?

Have you tried to stop using drugs or alcohol and failed?

Have you ever used more than one drug at a time?

Have you ever run out of a prescription before you should have?

Have you ever used someone else’s prescription medication?

Have you ever searched for doctors to get medication?

Are you becoming apathetic about previous interests?

Have you grown a tolerance, or needed more of the drug, to get high?

Do loved ones tell you that you have changed or become bitter?

Do you have an awkward sleep schedule as a result of using drugs or alcohol?

Do you operate heavy machinery while under the influence of drugs or alcohol?

Do you spend a majority of your day thinking about using drugs or alcohol?

Do you have trouble getting through the week without using drugs or alcohol?

Have you had to up your prescription medication dose to feel effects?

Have you ever experienced a blackout or short-term memory loss from using?

Do you feel shame or guilt from using drugs or alcohol?

Has your family ever said anything to you about your drug or alcohol use?

Have you skipped out on responsibilities to use drugs or alcohol?

Have you had legal or work issues because of using drugs or alcohol?

Have you ever gotten into a fight brought on by drug or alcohol use?

Have you ever broken the law to obtain drugs or alcohol?

Have you previously gotten help through treatment for drug or alcohol abuse?

Have you experienced medical issues brought on by drug or alcohol use?

Have you ever experienced withdrawal symptoms when attempting to stop using drugs or alcohol?


Questions to Ask a Drug Addict: Is your alcohol or drug use making your work or school performance suffer?

Questions to Ask a Drug Addict: Have your relationships with family or friends recently become strained?

Questions to Ask a Drug Addict: Am I tired of feeling depressed, anxious or agitated?

Questions to Ask a Drug Addict: Are my finances spinning out of control because of my addiction?

What are the most addictive drugs?
Alcohol: What are various examples?
Ethanol
https://www.qureshiuniversity.com/alcohol.html

Barbiturates, benzodiazepines, and hypnotics: What are various examples?
Barbiturates

Phenobarbital
Secobarbital (Seconal)

Benzodiazepines

Sedatives such as diazepam (Valium), alprazolam (Xanax), lorazepam (Ativan), clonazepam (Klonopin), and chlordiazepoxide (Librium).

Hypnotics such as zolpidem (Ambien, Intermezzo, others) and zaleplon (Sonata). These are prescription sleeping medications.

Club drugs: What are various examples?
Ecstasy or molly (MDMA)
Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB)
Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol, a brand used outside the U.S., also called roofies)
Ketamine

Hallucinogens: What are various examples?
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)
Phencyclidine (PCP)

Inhalants: What are various examples?
Cleaning fluids
Correction fluid
Felt tip marker fluid
Gasoline
Glue
Household aerosol products
Paint thinners

K2, Spice, and bath salts: What are various examples?
Two groups of synthetic drugs — synthetic cannabinoids and substituted or synthetic cathinones — are illegal in most states.

Marijuana, hashish, and other cannabis-containing substances: What are various examples?
Cannabis contains more than 500 distinct compounds, including cannabinoids, terpenoids, flavonoids, and omega fatty acids.

Meth, cocaine, and other stimulants: What are various examples?
Amphetamines
Amphetamine-dextroamphetamine (Adderall, Adderall XR, others)
Cocaine
Concerta, others)
Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
Meth (methamphetamine)

Opioid painkillers: What are various examples?
Codeine
Heroin
Morphine
Methadone
Oxycodone
Fentanyl is a synthetic opioid that is 80-100 times stronger than morphine.

Education about the harms of drug addiction.
What are the complications?
10 Health Conditions and Illnesses Caused by Drug Addiction

What are the 10 health conditions and illnesses caused by drug addiction? What diseases can you get from drug addiction?
1: Cardiovascular Disease
2: Cancer
3: Gastrointestinal Disease
4: Infectious Diseases
5: Kidney Damage
6: Liver Damage
7: Mental Health Disorders
8: Musculoskeletal Disorders
9: Neurological Disease
10: Respiratory Disorders
Here are further guidelines.

What are the harms of drug addiction? What will happen if a drug addiction goes untreated?
Development of a tolerance to the drug
Withdrawal symptoms when trying to cut back or quit
Health problems such as an irregular heart rate, high blood pressure, lung damage, mental disorders, and seizures
Injury due to drug addiction
Neglecting work, family, relationships, social responsibilities, and school.
Involvement in criminal activities
Greater risk of being victimized by crime
Overdose
Sudden unexpected premature death

What are the causes of drug addiction?
1. Peer pressure
2. Bad environments
3. Underlying mental disorder
4. Emotional distress
5. Low self-worth
6. Genetics

What are the skills and knowledge required of an addiction counselor?
https://www.qureshiuniversity.com/counselorsaddiction.html

Statistics
What do the statistics reveal?
What have statistics revealed about drug overdose deaths in the United States and worldwide?
An estimated 100,306 drug overdose deaths occurred in the United States between April 2020 and April 2021.
This is a 28.5% increase from the 78,056 deaths during the same period the year before.

What are the various case scenarios of drug addiction?

Issue number 1 relevant to this situation.

Drug Overdose
Name of the deceased: Taylor Hawkins
Date and location of birth: February 17, 1972, Fort Worth, Texas
Date of death: March 25, 2022. Age 50 at the time of his death.
Location of death: Casa Medina hotel in Bogotá, Colombia, South America
Occupation(s): Musician, singer, songwriter
Causes and circumstances of death:
On March 25, 2022, a call for emergency services was made from the Casa Medina hotel in Bogotá, Colombia, where Hawkins was suffering from chest pain in his hotel room. Health personnel arrived and found Hawkins unresponsive; they performed CPR, but Hawkins was declared dead at the scene.

Colombian authorities announced that a preliminary urine toxicology test indicated that Hawkins had ten substances in his system when he was found dead, including opioids, benzodiazepines, tricyclic antidepressants, and THC, the psychoactive compound in cannabis. Hawkins had previously overdosed on heroin in August 2001, which left him in a coma for two weeks.

What were the causes and circumstances of this death?
Drug overdose. Further investigations are required.

Questions that need further answers.

What is the exact location profile of the toxicology lab in Columbia? What is the profile of executives who work at this toxicology lab?
What type of equipment did you use for the tests that identified the ten substances in his system, including opioids, benzodiazepines, tricyclic antidepressants, and THC, the psychoactive compound in cannabis?
How many of these were prescription drugs for this person?
Who prescribed these medicines for him?
Who is the manufacturer of this equipment or machine?
What is the best, most accurate equipment for toxicology use for human specimens in the world at this point?
How do you verify the accuracy of equipment for toxicology use for human specimens available at this point?
Who in Columbia must answer these questions?
Who in America must answer these questions due to the fact that he was from America?

Where are further facts about this person?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taylor_Hawkins

Prescription Drugs
Steroids (Anabolic)
Tobacco Addiction (Nicotine)
Prescription Drugs

What is considered prescription drug abuse?

Prescription drug abuse includes any non-medical use of a prescription medication or not using drugs exactly as prescribed for the patient. Taking medication without a prescription because the drugs were obtained illegally or using a friend’s or family member’s prescription is considered abuse. Overdosing or abusing a legally prescribed drug also qualifies.

What are some of the more commonly abused prescription drugs and their effects?

What types of prescription drugs are abused?
Three types of drugs are abused most often:
Opioids—prescribed for pain relief
CNS depressants—barbiturates and benzodiazepines prescribed for anxiety or sleep problems (often referred to as sedatives or tranquilizers)
Stimulants—prescribed for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the sleep disorder narcolepsy, or obesity.

How can you help prevent prescription drug abuse?
Ask your doctor or pharmacist about your medication, especially if you are unsure about its effects.
Keep your doctor informed about all medications you are taking, including over-the-counter medications.
Read the information your pharmacist provides before starting to take medications.
Take your medication(s) as prescribed.
Keep all prescription medications secured at all times and properly dispose of any unused medications.

Why are these drugs abused?

Some people try to control their weight by using appetite suppressants, diuretics and stimulants. Used under a physician’s care, these medicines may be used safely, but some resort to self-medication which can lead to abuse.

Dealing with chronic pain or anxiety can be debilitating, especially when combined with other conditions such as depression and/or a physical or mental disability. Many people turn to self-medication for relief.

Some legitimate prescription users develop an addiction to their medication which can lead to abuse or even to illegal drug use.

In our competitive society some students and business people are using prescription stimulants in the false assumption that they improve focus or endurance. Other drugs are abused for a perceived advantage in physical performance or to stay awake.

Aren’t these drugs legal to use and safe because they are regulated?

Yes, they’re legal and generally safe for patients for whom the drugs are prescribed if they’re used in the way their doctors prescribe them.

No, they’re illegal and unsafe if they are abused by patients or used by someone for whom they were not prescribed.

Something that makes these drugs even more dangerous is the fact that they’re available everywhere – your kitchen counter, your daughter’s best friend’s backpack, your aging parents’ medicine cabinet. They are easier to get but just as dangerous as illegal drugs.

What about prescription drugs bought via the Internet?

What’s great about drug information on the Internet is the same as what’s awful about drug information on the Internet – there’s so much of it. You can discover your options for legitimate prescription drug therapy online, and you can find out exactly how much Tylenol PM to mix with heroin for the best high.

The web has brought with it easy availability of prescription drugs, too, and these pharmacies often do not require patients to be examined in person. Dangerously potent medicines can be bought by anyone with a search engine and a credit card number.

Not all online pharmacies are legitimate – how do you know that the medication contains the right amount of an active ingredient?

The location for these pharmacies can be easily falsified. Suppliers may say that a medication comes from a country with strict regulations on drug manufacturing, but buyers can’t know for sure that their medicines are produced according to government guidelines with only a website’s word for it.

Are there any over-the-counter medicines being abused?

The most common one is cough medicine with dextromethorphan (DXM) abused for its almost hallucinogenic effects.

Some over-the-counter drugs like pseudophedrine are mixed with other products such as nail polish removers and used to make illegal drugs like methamphetamine and GHB.

Over-the-counter drugs can cause adverse reactions due to medical conditions or other medications the user has already taken. Just because they are legally available without a prescription doesn’t mean they are safe, especially when not used according to directions.

Here are further guidelines.

Treatment
What are the workable treatment options? Answer
What is drug addiction treatment? Answer
How could this be prevented? Answer
Why was there a need to elaborate on these issues? Answer
What medicines are available in the medical emergency room? Answer
What medicines are available on the crash cart? Answer
What medicines are available for this medical condition? Answer
What medical emergency equipment is available on the crash cart? Answer
Who must provide further funding to enhance this research?
Answer
What else needs to be accomplished? Answer
What are drugs? Answer
What is drug use? Answer
Does everyone who takes drugs become addicted? Answer
What are the treatments for drug addiction? Answer
Can drug use and addiction be prevented? Answer
How quickly can I become addicted to a drug? Answer
How do I know if someone is addicted to drugs? Answer
What are the physical signs of abuse or addiction? Answer
If a pregnant woman abuses drugs, does it affect the fetus? Answer
Are there effective treatments for drug addiction? Answer
Where can I find information about drug treatment programs? Answer
What is detoxification, or "detox"? Answer
What is withdrawal? Answer
How long does it last? Answer
How can I receive educational materials regarding drug abuse? Answer
Is permission required to use parts of or reproduce these materials? Answer


What are the workable treatment options?

What is drug addiction treatment?
First, try your best through these resources:
www.qureshiuniversity.com/drugaddiction.html
Treatment varies depending on the type of drug addiction.
Stop using the drug.
Stay away from sources of drug addiction.
Stay away from drugs causing addiction.
Stay away from individuals using drugs of addiction.
Report if a person has a drug addiction with a plan for treatment.
Be productive in the family, at work, and in society.
Seek drug addiction counseling.
Take medications for specific drug addictions.

How could this be prevented?
1. Police narcotics departments should reduce the availability of drugs by cracking down on the supply chain and manufacturers.
2. Reduce demand by providing education through various departments and media. Educate the public about the harms of drug addiction.

All these drug addiction with drug overdose emergencies can be managed in the medical emergency room.
An accurate toxicology laboratory with competent executive staff needs to be part of the medical emergency room.

Why was there a need to elaborate on these issues?
A list of medicines for medical emergency can be displayed in medical emergency textbooks.
Listed medicines for medical emergency may not be available in medical emergency rooms.

A medical emergency physician should always ask these questions.
What medicines are available in the medical emergency room?
What medicines are available on the crash cart?
What medicines are available for this medical condition?
What medical emergency equipment is available on the crash cart?
Who must provide further funding to enhance this research?


What else needs to be accomplished?
Medical biller should play a further role.
Medical coder does not play much of a role in this situation.

Here are further guidelines.

What are drugs?
Drugs are chemical substances that can change how your body and mind work. They include prescription medicines, over-the-counter medicines, alcohol, tobacco, and illegal drugs.

What is drug use?
Drug use, or misuse, includes:

Using illegal substances, such as
Anabolic steroids
Club drugs
Cocaine
Heroin
Inhalants
Marijuana
Methamphetamines

Misusing prescription medicines, including opioids. This means taking the medicines in a different way than the health care provider prescribed. This includes
Taking a medicine that was prescribed for someone else
Taking a larger dose than you are supposed to
Using the medicine in a different way than you are supposed to. For example, instead of swallowing your tablets, you might crush and then snort or inject them.
Using the medicine for another purpose, such as getting high
Misusing over-the-counter medicines, including using them for another purpose and using them in a different way than you are supposed to

Does everyone who takes drugs become addicted?
Not everyone who uses drugs becomes addicted.

What are the treatments for drug addiction?
Treatments for drug addiction include counseling, medicines, or both. Research shows that combining medicines with counseling gives most people the best chance of success.

The counseling may be individual, family, and/or group therapy. It can help you:

Understand why you got addicted
See how drugs changed your behavior
Learn how to deal with your problems so you won't go back to using drugs
Learn to avoid places, people, and situations where you might be tempted to use drugs
Medicines can help with the symptoms of withdrawal. For addiction to certain drugs, there are also medicines that can help you re-establish normal brain function and decrease your cravings.

If you have a mental disorder along with an addiction, it is known as a dual diagnosis. It is important to treat both problems. This will increase your chance of success.

If you have a severe addiction, you may need hospital-based or residential treatment. Residential treatment programs combine housing and treatment services.

Can drug use and addiction be prevented?
Drug use and addiction are preventable. Prevention programs involving families, schools, communities, and the media may prevent or reduce drug use and addiction. These programs include education and outreach to help people understand the risks of drug use.

Addiction treatment professionals: What are various examples?
Addiction psychiatrist
Addiction counselor
Certified recovery support specialist (CRSS)
Interventionist
Licensed chemical dependency counselor
Substance abuse social worker
Behavioral health technician
Life coach
Law enforcement
Other career paths

Who received these facts?
Thomas Troe, Recovery Support Specialist II
Illinois Department of Human Services
Division of Mental Health
Bureau of Wellness & Recovery Services

Thomas.Troe@Illinois.gov
DHS.DMHCommunicationAlerts@Illinois.gov

When did they receive these facts?
April 21, 2022

Training professionals for these issues: Who needs to be provided training for these issues?
What has Dr. Asif Qureshi authored relevant to these issues?
Take a look at this: www.qureshiuniversity.com/drugaddiction.html
If you have to verify the competence of a person relevant to these issues, the person must be able to answer questions authored by Dr. Asif Qureshi.

What are the most addictive types of drugs? What drugs are highly addictive?
Take a look at this: www.qureshiuniversity.com/drugaddiction.html

What questions need to be answered relevant to the patient?

What type of drug addiction does the person have?

Alcohol
Barbiturates, benzodiazepines, and hypnotics
Club drugs
Hallucinogens
Inhalants
K2, Spice, and bath salts
Marijuana, hashish, and other cannabis-containing substances
Meth, cocaine, and other stimulants
Opioid painkillers
Cigarettes/Tobacco
Any other drug addiction specified

What is the treatment?
Treatment depends on the type of drug addiction.

When did the person start the drug addiction?

How long did the person have this drug addiction?

Who reported that this person has drug addiction issues?

How did they conclude that this person has drug addiction issues?

How has the drug addiction harmed the person?

What other resources may be useful?


Training professionals for these issues: Who needs to be provided training for these issues?

What professionals diagnose and manage drug addiction?
Psychiatrist for addiction treatment
Substance abuse counselor
Lawmakers
Law enforcement

What are the responsibilities of lawmakers and law enforcement in this situation?

Law Enforcement

Where do illegal drugs come from?
Black tar heroin sold on the West Coast is usually from Mexico or the Middle East.
The white version of the drug sold on the East Coast is often from Colombia or Southeast or Southwest Asia.
Crystal meth comes from Mexico or the US.
Bath salts and other synthetic drugs come from East Asia.
Marijuana comes from the US or Mexico.
Cocaine is from South America, often Colombia, Peru, or Bolivia.
Similar other locations.

What are minimum jail sentences for buying, selling, and/or trafficking certain drugs?
The mandatory minimum penalty will vary depending upon whether or not it is the first, second, or third offense and whether or not serious bodily harm occurs due to the person’s actions in regard to the drug in question.

What else will the penalty depend on?
Age
The amount of the drug seized during the arrest
The number of prior offenses
State law on the particular substance and/or amount
The nature of the crime (e.g., intent to sell)
Whether or not serious bodily harm results
For example, some of the most stringent minimum sentences occur when an arrest yields a seizure of: ____.

During the arrest, what seizure was there relevant to the drug of addiction?
1000+ kilograms of marijuana
1000+ marijuana plants
5+ kilograms of cocaine
1+ kilogram of heroin
1+ kilogram of PCP mixture
100+ grams of pure PCP
280+ grams of crack cocaine
10+ grams of LSD
500+ grams of a crystal meth mixture
50+ grams of pure crystal meth
Other specifics of the drug of addiction

What services are required in this situation?
Assessment
Psychiatric care
Medication monitoring
Counseling and comprehensive care 

Is your training providing more than what Dr. Asif Qureshi has authored at www.qureshiuniversity.com/drugaddiction.html?

What training are you providing beyond what Dr. Asif Qureshi has authored at www.qureshiuniversity.com/drugaddiction.html?

Where is it publicly available through internet?

Who has authored these guidelines, when, and how long ago?

Can you give more details?

Can you procure the guidelines Dr. Asif Qureshi has authored at www.qureshiuniversity.com/drugaddiction.html so that others get helped?

How do you make sure the earned income reaches Dr. Asif Qureshi for these professional services?

Who in the state, federal, and international government is responsible for providing reimbursements?

Where must you forward state, federal, and international grants for further research for these issues?

Dr. Asif Qureshi, 5042 N. Winthrop Ave. #237, Chicago, Illinois 60640.
Last Updated: April 21, 2022